Garifuna Learning Academy

Aruba

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Aruba



Definitions

  1. EN: the top edge of a vessel or other container; also: a circular projection that sticks outward from the crown of a hat. synonyms: rim, lip. (gold)

Morphological structure

`Aruba` combines: the root **`aru`** + the suffix **`-ba`** (FUT | EXTR: Intermediate-future tense suffix (-ba); also serves as the relative-clause / extractor (-EXTR) marker when followed by a person suffix. Same lexeme synchronically, different functions.).

Position Form Label Function Academic source
suffix -ba FUT | EXTR Intermediate-future tense suffix (-ba); also serves as the relative-clause / extractor (-EXTR) marker when followed by a person suffix. Same lexeme synchronically, different functions. Grammar_of_Garifuna p138, p259-261

Framework: Haurholm-Larsen et al. — *A Grammar of Garifuna*; Stark *Person Marking*; Barchas-Lichtenstein; Munro *Negatives in Garifuna*; documented in 02_paradigms/

Example sentences (5)

  • Garifuna: barubana au ay
    Source: ELAR / SOAS Endangered Languages Archive, SG0340 — Arumahani / Abaimahani (traditional Garifuna songs). Session: Uwarani group performance, Actuación del grupo Uwarani, Desempenho do grupo Uwarani. Participant: None.
    — Source link
    — License: ELAR O_OpenAccess; attribution required; per-item license review required for pu
  • Garifuna: o Beni Barubana
    Source: ELAR / SOAS Endangered Languages Archive, SG0340 — Arumahani / Abaimahani (traditional Garifuna songs). Session: Interview with Desere Diego, Entrevista con Desere Diego, Entrevista com Desere Diego. Participant: None.
    — Source link
    — License: ELAR O_OpenAccess; attribution required; per-item license review required for pu
  • Garifuna: Aweiyeda lina nárüguti, gibeti garuba luagu.
    English: My grandfather is becoming old; he has much gray hair.
    Spanish: Mi abuelo está envejeciendo; tiene muchas canas.
    Source: Garifuna Verified Sentences Corpus (community-hand-verified)
  • Garifuna: Ladáaruba griga(river/creek)dúna áhen(accnt n) úwa húya.
    English: The river will dry up if there is no rain.
    Spanish: El río se secará si no llueve.
    Source: Garifuna Verified Sentences Corpus (community-hand-verified)
  • Public text withheld.
    This example is retained as a private evidence pointer only. Public restricted-corpus text is not displayed unless a separate cleared publication lane exists.
    Source: restricted evidence pointer — rights-gated public display.

    • Rights gate: 1 restricted example is withheld from public display under the project rights policy.

Cross-source corroboration (4 sources)

  • Diccionario_Garifuna
    Diccionario Garifuna — public domain.
  • Lila_Garifuna_Diccionario_Garifuna_Espanol
    Lila Garífuna: Diccionario Garífuna-Garífuna-Español by Salvador Suazo (Litografía López, Tegucigalpa, 2011). Used for non-commercial Garifuna language preservation under verbal permission from the Su

This headword is corroborated by 4 foundation source(s); 2 are named publicly. Additional corroborators contribute to confidence scoring but are not named in this public output due to permission scope.

Academic paradigm citations (Haurholm-Larsen framework)
  • Haurholm-Larsen, S. *A Grammar of Garifuna*. Brill (2016).
  • Haurholm-Larsen, S. *Clitics, affixes, and wordhood in Garifuna*.
  • Stark, T. *Person marking in Garifuna* (Stanford).
  • Munro, P. *Negatives in Garifuna*.
  • Barchas-Lichtenstein, J. *Garifuna* (Ph.D. dissertation).
  • Cayetano, E. R. *Towards a Common Garifuna Orthography* (NGC, 1992).

This entry is presented as part of an open lexicographic research project on the Garifuna language. Linguistic facts such as headword identity, morphology labels, and corroboration counts are treated separately from source-authored text. Source text, glosses, examples, and attributions follow the rights lane and per-source notice above.

Rights notice: Source-specific rights apply. Public distribution is limited to non-commercial Garifuna language-preservation use with attribution. This build does not sublicense Suazo/Lila-derived content under Creative Commons or any other open license until written estate confirmation is obtained.


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